The alarming statistics, the phenomenon of femicide, and how society and the state can stand as a bulwark against it  

On June 27, Cypriot society watched in shock as a man attempted to kill his ex-wife and mother-in-law. And it wasn’t the first time he had attacked them, nor was it the first time this issue had come to the attention of the authorities.  A few days later, another man pulled out a gun and shot his wife, then took his own life. These tragic incidents serve as a reminder that gender-based violence remains a harsh reality. The question is, how serious is the situation in Cyprus, how well-informed the public is about the major issue of femicide, and how the state and society can stand up against it. 

The Numbers Behind Gender-Based Violence 

According to police data, 44 murders of women were recorded between 2014 and 2025, while two cases of attempted femicide are already under investigation in 2026. It is worth noting that between 2023–2025, 1,667 incidents of violence against women were reported, and in 2024–2025, 2,098 incidents of domestic violence were recorded. 

Speaking to “ALPHA on Sunday,” the Director of the Mediterranean Institute for Gender Studies, Suzana Pavlou confirmed that violence against women continues to be “underreported,” as many women never report what they experience to the authorities or support services. 

She explained that violence against women is both a cause and a consequence of gender inequalities and is directly linked to unequal power relations between women and men in all sectors of society. 

Why the Term “Femicide” Is Important 

A question that often arises is why the term “femicide” is important and why it must be distinguished from homicide. Femicide represents the final stage in a pattern of escalating violence, control, intimidation, and power dynamics within relationships. Ms. Pavlou emphasized that it is important to use the term “femicide” because it highlights that this is not simply a homicide in which the victim is a woman. It highlights the gender-based dimension of the crime and the fact that many women are murdered within the context of relationships marked by inequality, power, and control. “Violence against women has nothing to do with love, nor is it the result of a momentary loss of control. It is about the imposition of power and control.” 

State Intervention 

But can the state prevent this situation? Ms. Pavlou argues that harsher penalties are not enough. Penalties are necessary to hold perpetrators accountable, but they do not, on their own, protect a woman who is currently in danger. “To effectively curb violence against women, a comprehensive system of prevention, protection, and timely intervention is needed.” 

According to her, the priority must be to strengthen victim protection mechanisms through systematic risk assessment—but not as a mere formal administrative procedure. She noted that, when implemented in a timely and systematic manner by trained professionals, it can identify the women at greatest risk and immediately activate the appropriate protective measures. She emphasized, among other things, the need for better coordination among all relevant agencies and the effective implementation and monitoring of protective measures. 

She emphasized that the most effective strategy is to prevent violence before it even occurs by addressing its root causes. These include gender inequalities, harmful stereotypes, and attitudes that legitimize power and control over women. “Investing in education, equality, and fostering a culture of zero tolerance for violence is the only solution that is effective in the long term,” she notes. 

Forms of Violence 

How aware is society of gender-based violence? The most stereotypical question is why a woman who is a victim of abuse doesn’t leave, and this is often heard. According to what Psychiatrist George Mikelidis, leaving an abusive relationship is often one of the most difficult decisions a person can make. 

He pointed out that abuse is not limited to physical violence. There is psychological, verbal, sexual, and financial abuse, all of which gradually erode the victim’s self-esteem and sense of autonomy. 

At the same time, she stated that a “trauma bond” often develops. The alternation between violence and affection creates a strong emotional dependence, as periods of remorse and love serve as powerful reinforcements of the hope that “this time he will change.” According to him, these factors are compounded by fear of retaliation, financial dependence, the presence of children, social pressures, feelings of shame, and the lack of a support network. 

A Safety Plan  

Regarding the steps a woman must take to leave an abusive relationship, Mr. Mikelidis noted that she should first speak with a trusted person or a mental health professional.  Next, it is important to create a safety plan, which may include securing a safe place to stay, informing relatives or friends, gathering important documents and money,  planning an immediate escape route in case of danger, and knowing what social and legal services are available. “If there is an immediate threat to life, the priority is always to protect that life by contacting the appropriate authorities.” 

She emphasized that friends and relatives play a crucial role. It is important for them to listen to the victim, avoid criticism, and encourage the victim to seek professional help. 

The Role of Specialists 

When asked whether the intervention of specialists is necessary only after an incident of violence, Mr. Mikelidis noted that such intervention can be particularly helpful as soon as the first warning signs appear. Early assessment can help identify dangerous patterns and protect the victim. “Prevention is always a more effective strategy than dealing with the consequences.” 

She emphasized that domestic violence is not the result of a momentary outburst of anger, but rather a dynamic of control, power, and dominance within the relationship. “Early recognition of warning signs, raising public awareness, and immediate access to mental health and protection services can save lives. Silence does not protect victims; early intervention can change the course of an entire life.”